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Technical resources

Original optics, documented by reference.

Buying guides, technical notes and manufacturer-reference resources for professional optical links.

Editorial scope

SFP through QSFP-DD · original manufacturer references · selection boundaries · procurement context

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Brand guides

Cisco Nexus: 2026 data center guide

Cisco Nexus data center: 9000/9300/9500, NX-OS vs ACI, VXLAN EVPN, Nexus Dashboard.

April 15, 2026

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Brand guides

Cisco Meraki: benefits of cloud-managed networking

Cisco Meraki: MS/MR/MX/MV/MT portfolio, mandatory licenses, cloud benefits, and limitations vs Catalyst.

April 15, 2026

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Brand guides

Cisco Catalyst portfolio: complete 2026 guide

2026 Cisco Catalyst portfolio: 1200 to 9600, DNA licenses, IOS-XE, and sizing by company size.

April 15, 2026

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Brand guides

Cisco IOS: Essential Commands You Need to Know

Cisco IOS/IOS-XE: essential commands for VLANs, routing, QoS, security, and troubleshooting. CLI reference.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is a Proxy? Forward, Reverse, and Transparent Proxies

What is a proxy? Forward, reverse, and transparent proxies, SWG, features, vendors, and SASE migration.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is MACsec? Layer 2 Encryption Explained

What is MACsec? 802.1AE L2 AES-256-GCM, hop-by-hop, Cisco/Juniper/Aruba, vs IPsec.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is a Load Balancer? Definition and How It Works

What is a load balancer? L4/L7, GSLB, algorithms, F5, HAProxy, NGINX, and cloud LB.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is an NGFW? Next-Generation Firewall

What is an NGFW? L7 features, App-ID, IPS/AV/URL, SSL decryption, and leading vendors.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is an IPS / IDS? Intrusion Detection and Prevention

What are IPS and IDS? Intrusion detection, signatures versus anomaly detection, NGFW, and Snort.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is 802.1X? Network Authentication

What is 802.1X? Port-based authentication, EAP-TLS/PEAP, NAC, and Enterprise WiFi.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is an SFP Module? Definition and Types

What is an SFP module? 1G-400G families, SR/LR/ER interfaces, DOM, and compatibility.

April 15, 2026

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Network glossary

What Is PoE? Power over Ethernet Explained

What is PoE? 802.3af/at/bt, Type 3/4, applications, cabling, and switch power budget.

April 15, 2026